Which of the following is a potential source of hazardous noise in non-occupational settings?

Personal listening devices are a potential source of hazardous noise in non-occupational settings because they can produce sound levels that exceed safe listening thresholds, especially when used at high volumes for extended periods. Many users are unaware of the risks posed by these devices, as they can easily amplify sounds to levels that are damaging to hearing. This risk is particularly prevalent with headphones and earbuds, which can create an immersive experience that encourages users to enjoy their music or podcasts at high volumes, often in environments that already have background noise.

In contrast, industrial machines, carpentry equipment, and broadcasting equipment are typically associated with occupational settings where safety standards and regulations are enforced. While these sources can also produce hazardous noise, they are primarily defined by their use in professional environments rather than everyday or casual contexts.